![]() ![]() Gray (1987) linked impulsivity to an over-reactive BAS resulting in increased reward sensitivity, and later work linked impulsivity to both a hyperreactive BAS and hyporeactive BIS ( Corr, 2002).ĮRP decision- related components include the P3 and the error-related negativity (ERN). Gray's biologically based personality model has two similar factors: a behavioral inhibition system (BIS) that organizes behavior in response to aversive events and reward based behavioral activation system (BAS) ( Gray, 1982). One two-factor impulsivity model identified a reward-related approach factor and a disinhibition related rash impulsivity factor ( Dawe, Gullo, & Loxton, 2004) while a three-factor model identified disinhibition, reward delay discounting, and a cognitive dimension as factors ( Dom, De Wildea, Hulstijnb, & Sabbeb, 2007). Impulsivity may be a multidimensional construct, including a lack of behavioral inhibition and selection of immediate rewards. Impulsive individuals make risky decisions, motivated more by immediate reward rather than by the potential long-term negative consequences of their choices, suggesting heightened sensitivity to reward and/or reduced sensitivity to negative outcomes ( Ainslie, 1975). Impulsivity is a personality dimension described as “acting without thinking” and is associated with several psychiatric and personality disorders including mania, substance abuse, and antisocial personality disorder ( Moeller et al., 2001). The results indicate that high impulsive individuals are biased towards immediate reward during option evaluation but are less sensitive to the negative consequences of their choices. ![]() The low, but not the high impulsives had a larger error-related negativity following high-risk choice indicating that the low impulsives evaluated the risky choice as a poor decision. The high impulsives had a larger P3 and the low impulsives a smaller P3 to the cards when making a low-risk choice suggesting that the high-risk option was the default choice of the high impulsives and the low-risk choice the default for the low impulsives. We used event-related potentials to study the impact of reward and punishment sensitivity in impulsivity on risky decision-making in a two-card choice task in groups of 14 high and 14 low impulsive undergraduates formed by a median split on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale score. Impulsive individuals make risky choices, motivated more by immediate reward than potential long-term negative consequences. ![]()
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11/21/2023 01:32:44 am
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